P&B: Cold baths improve brain function and sleep quality
Researchers from the University of Central Lancashire, UK, have studied the effects of cold-water immersion on physical and mental health. The findings, published in the journal Physiology & Behavior (P&B), reveal notable benefits for cognitive function, sleep, and overall well-being.
Background
Cold-water baths have long been used for sports recovery and therapeutic purposes. However, their impact on cognitive abilities, sleep, and general well-being was not fully understood.
Study Overview
- Participants: 13 healthy adults (average age: 21 years).
- Procedure: Participants immersed themselves up to the waist or chest in 10°C water for 10 minutes, three times a week, over one month.
- Assessment: Cognitive tests, sleep quality evaluations, and self-reported well-being were used to measure the effects.
Key Findings
Improved Cognitive Function
By the third week of the experiment:
- Faster information processing: Participants showed significant improvements in their ability to quickly analyze and respond to information.
- Enhanced mental flexibility: Cognitive adaptability increased.
- No major change in attention and planning skills: Tasks requiring focus and strategy showed no noticeable improvement.
Better Sleep Quality
Participants reported:
- Reduced sleep disturbances: Sleep disturbance scores dropped from 7.85 at the start to 5.75 by the third week.
- Lower anxiety levels: A general sense of calmness was noted after regular immersion sessions.
Mixed Impact on Mood
Contrary to expectations:
- No significant emotional boost: Unlike open-water swimming, cold-water immersion in a lab setting did not lead to noticeable mood enhancements.
Researchers’ Insights
Scientists attribute the lack of mood improvement to the experimental setting. Unlike swimming in natural water bodies like the sea, which can provide added joy and emotional benefits, the controlled lab environment may have limited the positive emotional effects.
Conclusion
Regular cold-water immersion:
- Enhances certain cognitive functions.
- Improves sleep quality and reduces anxiety.
- May require a natural outdoor environment for mood-related benefits.
The findings highlight the potential of cold-water therapy as an accessible, non-invasive method for improving brain health and well-being.